Briefs filed in two pivotal cases before the Supreme Court testify to how central affirmative action is to preserving diversity in American life.
This is a sweeping claim, and like most sweeping claims, it has very limited basis in fact.
In Vietnam, the military brief notes, many African-Americans served among the enlisted but few were officers, and the forces were racially polarized. It became so bad, the brief says, the leadership feared that the military was "on the verge of self-destruction." But race-based recruitment programs increased the percentage of minority officers and greatly improved race relations.
Somehow, I have a lot of trouble imagining that the lack of affirmative action in the military was the only reason the Vietnam war went badly. While it's certainly true that minority officers in the military at that time were few and far between, and that the roots of this may well have been racial bias, that doesn't justify a reverse bias in the present. The fact is, we need the best possible officers for our military, and those officers need to well-educated, well-trained, and intellectually capable. During the Vietnam war, well-educated and well-trained minority officers were simply not available -- and you can't wave the affirmative-action wand to produce them from scratch. Instead, you have to create them, which can take years.
Another important factor in the Vietnam war-era problems comes from having a conscript army; in other words, the draft. When your soldiers are drafted to serve in the military they are generally given minimal training, have almost no experience, and are in the military for a fairly short time. In the Vietnam war especially, none of the draftees wanted to be there. And that breeds powerful resentment. Worse, it means that none of the draftees are suitable for the officer corp; you have to make do with the officers you already have, whatever their racial makeup..
None of these factors are conducive to a harmonious military, and none of them are inherently race-based. In fact, I am not aware that relations between the minority draftees and the officer core were noticably worse than relations with the caucasian draftees.
In short, it's not race. There were lots of other problems.
The fact is, folks, special preferences breed resentment and perpetuate problems that we should put behind us. Wounds will never heal if they are constantly torn open again.


